Rasululullah s.a.w bersabda:
Akan datang pada kalian masa kenabian sesuai dengan kehendak Allah, setelah itu habis masanya. Lalu akan datang zaman Khalifah Rashidun sesuai dengan kehendak Allah, lalu setelah itu habis masanya. Lalu datang masa kerajaan yang turun menurun sesuai dengan kehendak Allah, lalu setelah itu habis masanya. Lalu datang masa kerajaan dengan cara paksaan (peperangan) dengan kehendak Allah berdiri. lalu setelah itu habis masanya. Kemudian datang masa khilafah yang berada di atas jalan kenabian.
Hadis Riwayat Imam asy Syaiban (1/187)
Saturday, April 21, 2012
The Life of Muhammad (by Dr Muhammad Husein Haykal)
The following are the summary of the biography of Prophet Muhammad s.a.w., taken from the book "The Life of Muhammad" by Dr. Muhamad Husein Haykal.
Personally, upon completion of the book, I found that the way the biography was written clearly depicts true understanding, especially from the historians' point of view, regarding the actual accounts of the Prophet's life.
A truly wonderful reading experience. Fully recommended.
The
Life of Muhammad
1. Arabia Before
Islam
The cradde of
human civilization
The Mediterranean
and Red Sea basins
Christianity and
Zoroastrianism
Byzantium, the
heir of Rome
Christian sects
The decay of
Zoroastrianism
The geographic
position of the Peninsula
Except Yaman, the
Arabic Peninsula is unknown
The two Caravan
Routes
The civilization
of Yaman
Judaism and
Christianity in Yaman
Quran;
85: 5-9
Conquest and rule
of Yaman by Persia
Cyrus’ rule of
Persia
Destruction of
the Dam of Ma’arib
The social order
of the Peninsula
Arab paganism and
its causes
Christianity and
Judaism
The spread of
paganism
Idol worship
Makkah’s place in
Arabia
2. Makkah, The
Kaabah and The Quraysh
Geographic
position of Makkah
Ibrahim: May
God’s Peace Be Upon Him
Quran;
21: 62-63
Quran;
6: 76-79
Ibrahim and Sarah
in Egypt
Who was the
Sacrificial Son?
The Quranic
version of The Sacrifice
Quran;
37: 102-107
The historian’s
version
Ibrahim, Ismail
and Hagar’s trip to the valley of Makkah
Discussion of the
story
Ibrahim and
Ismail’s construction of the Kaabah
Quran;
3: 96-97
Quran;
2: 125-127
Religious
development in Arabia
The Arab Prophets
Quran;
11: 53
Quran;
17: 15
Offices of the
Kaabah
Ascendency of the
Quraysh
Qusayy bin Kilab
(circa 480 C.E.)
Construction of
permanent residences in Makkah
The descendents
of Qusayy
The descendents
of Abd Manaf
Hashim (646 C.E)
Makkan affluence
and prosperity
Al-Muttalib
Abd al-Muttalib
(495 C.E.)
The redigging of
Zamzam
The vow and its
fulfilment
The Year of the
Elephant (570 C.E.)
Abrahah and the
Kaabah
Quran;
105: 1-5
The position of
Makkah after The Year of the Elephant
Makkan luxury
The residences of
Makkah
Abdullah ibn Abd
a’-Muttalib
3. Muhammad: From
Birth to Marriage
The marriage of
Abdullah and Aminah
The Birth of
Muhammad (570 C.E.)
Muhammad’s nurses
Halimah, daughter
of Abu Dhu’ayb
The story of
splitting Muhammad’s chest
Quran; 94: 1-3
Muhammad in the
desert
Orphanhood
The death of Abd
al-Muttalib
Under Abu Talib’s
protection
The first trip to
al-Sham
The Fijar War
The Alliance of
Fudul
Muhammad as
herdsman
The life of
thought and contemplation
Khadijah
Muhammad in the
employ of Khadijah
4. From Marriage
to Prophethood
Muhammad’s
qualities
Reconstruction of
the Kaabah
Wrecking and
rebuilding the Kaabah
Dissolution of
authority in Makkah and its effects
Dissolution of
idol worship
Muhammad’s sons
Muhammad’s
daughters
The Arabs’ annual
retreat
Groping after
truth
The true vision
Quran;
29: 7-8
The beginning of
revelation (610 C.E)
Quran;
96: 1-5
Muhammad’s fear
Khadijah, the
faithful
5. From The
Beginning of Revelation To The Conversion of Umar
The conversation
of Waraqah and Khadijah
Quran;
73: 1-7
Waraqah and
Muhammad
Subsiding of the
revelations
Quran;
93: 1-11
The call to truth
alone
Salat (Islamic
worship)
The conversion of
Abu Bakr
The Muslims and
Quraysh
Muhammad’s
nearest relatives
Quran;
26: 214-216 ; 15-94
Quran;
111: 1-3
Islam and Freedom
Quran;
102: 1-8
The poets of
Quraysh
Quran;
7: 188
Muhammad’s attack
against the idols
The logic of
history
Banu Hashim
protects Muhammad against Quraysh
Persecution of
the Muslims by Quraysh
Muslim patience
Quran;
79: 24
The call of
Muhammad and modern scientific inquiry
The essence of
Muhammad’s call
Quran;
99: 7-8
The conversion of
Hamzah
Delegation of
‘Utbah ibn Rabi’ah
Emigration of
Abyssinia
Quraysh’s
delegation to the Nexus
The Muslims’
answer to the ambassador’s claims
Quran;
19: 29-33
Answers of the
Negus and the patriarchs
The Muslim and
Abyssinian Christianity
The spirit in
Islam
The conversion of
Umar al-Khattab
6. The Story of
Goddesses
The emigrants
return from Abyssinia
Quran;
53: 19-20
Quran;
17: 73-75
Incoherence of
the story
Quran;
22: 52-53
Refutation of the
arguments
Two revolutions
in Abyssinia
Inverted evidence
of the Quranic text
Quran;
17: 73-75
Quran;
22: 52-53
Fallacious
reasoning of the claim
The story’s
violence to the contextual flow of Surah al-Najm
The linguistic
evidence
The story
contradicts the fact of Muhammad’s candidness
Attack upon
Tawhid
7. The Malevolent
Conduct of Quraysh
The arm of
propaganda
The charge of
Magical Eloquence
Al-Nadr ibn
al-Harith
Jabr, the
Christian
Quran;
16: 103
Al-Tufayl ibn
‘Amr al-Dawsi
Abu Sufyan, Abu
Jahal and al-Akhnas
“He frowned and
turned away”
Quran;
80: 1-16
The will to
perfection
Quran;
49: 14
Jealousy and
competition
Quran;
43: 31-32
Fear of
resurrection and the Day of Judgement
Quran;
80: 33-42
Quran;
70: 8-18
Quran;
69: 18-37
Quran;
50: 30 ; 4: 56
Quraysh and
Paradise
The struggle of
good and evil
For the sake of
salvation
8. From The
Violation Of The Boycott to al-Isra’
Calling the
tribes to Islam during the holy months
Blockade of the
Muslims
Infallibility of
Muhammad in conveying the revelation
Quran;
17: 73-75
Death of Abu
Talib and Khadijah
Increase of
Quraysh’s hostility
Muhammad’s
excursion to Taif (628 C.E.)
Addas, the
Christian
‘Jonah,
son of Matthew
Muhammad offers
himself to the tribes
Al Isra’ (621
C.E.)
Was al Isra’ in
body or soul?
Quran;
17: 60
Al Isra’ as given
in literature
Ibn Hisham’s
report about al Isra’
Quran;
18: 110
Quran;
4: 48
Al Isra’ and the Unity
of Being
Al Isra’ and
modern science
Doubt of Quraysh
and apostasy of some Muslims
Al Isra’ in body
9. The Two
Covenants of al-Aqabah
Muslim weakness
after al Isra’
Muhammad’s
fastness
Quran;
41: 34
The first signs
of victory in Yathrib
Al-Aws,
al-Khazraj and the Jews
The Jews’
spiritual influences
Suwayd ibn al
Samit
Iyas ibn Mu’adh
The Battle of
Buath
Islamic
beginnings in Yathrib
The First
Covenant of Aqabah
Muhammad thinks
of emigration
The Second
Covenant of Aqabah
Discussion before
conclusion of the covenant
The Covenant
Quraysh and the
Covenant al Aqabah
Tension between
the two parties
The Muslims’
emigration to Yathrib (HIjrah)
The Quraysy and
the Prophet’s emigration
10. Al Hijrah Or
The Prophet’s Emigration
The command to
migrate
Ali in the
Prophet’s bed
The miracle of
the cave
Some biographers
omit the story
Quran;
8: 30 ; 9: 40
The trip to
Yathrib
The story of
Suraqah
The hardships of
the road
Awaiting the
Prophet in Yathrib
The spread of
Islam in Yathrib
Muhammad’s entry
into Madinah
11. Beginning Of
The Yathrib Period
Explanation of
the city’s welcome
Building of the
Prophet’s mosque
Muhammad’s
aversion to war
Quran;
22: 39
Quran;
8: 39
The thinking of
Yathrib
Muslim
brotherhood
The traders
The harvest
Muhammad’s
friendliness to the Jews
The
Covenant of Madinah
New horizons in
political life
The Prophet’s
marriage to Aishah
Adhan or the Call
to Prayer
Brotherhood:
Foundation of Islamic Civilization
Muslim
brotherhood
Muhammad’s
kindness to animals
The brotherhood
of justice and mercy
Quran;
2: 194
Quran;
2: 179
Muhammad’s power
to surmount life
The Sunnah of
Muhammad
Quran;
2: 57 ; 28: 77
Beginning of
Jewish fears
The war of words
between Muhammad and the Jews
Quran;
112: 1-3
Quran;
2: 87-89
The story of
Finhas
Quran;
2: 245
Quran;
3: 181
Quran;
5: 49-50
Orientation to
the Kaabah in prayer
Quran;
2: 144
Quran;
2: 142-143
The Christian
delegation from Najran
Quran;
2: 136
Congress of the
Three Religions
Quran;
3: 64
Withdrawal of the
Christian delegation
Rethinking of the
problem of Quraysh and Makkah.
12. The First
Raid and Skirmishes
Muslim policy in
Madinah
The first raids
Raids led by the
Prophet
The historians’
view of the first raid
Our view of these
raids
Exposure of
Quraysh’s trade to danger
Al Ansar and
offensive attack
Nature of the
Madinese
Threat to the
Jews
Jewish plots
Islam and
fighting
Quran;
2: 190
Abdullah ibn
Jahsh’s expedition
Sedition greater
than murder
Quran;
2: 217
The Quran and
fighting
Matthew;
10: 34
Quran;
2: 256, 190
War in the cause
of God
Matthew;
17: 20
Christianity and
fighting
The saints in
Islam and Christianity
Islam, the
natural religion
13. The Great
Battle of Badr
The Muslims
mobilize for Badr
Abu Sufyan’s
messenger to Quraysh
Old enmity of
Quraysh and Kinanah
The path of the
Muslim army
Reconnaissance
and Espionage
Escape of the
caravan and Abu Sufyan
Quran;
8: 7
Prospects of
Battle
The Muslims camp
at Badr
Building a booth
for the Prophet
The true faith of
the Muslims
Hamzah kills Ibn
Abd al Asad
Engagement of the
two armies
Muhammad’s prayer
and invocation
Muslim morale
Quran;
8: 65-66
Bilal kills
Umayyah bin Khalaf
Quran;
8: 12, 17
The Muslims spare
the just
People of the
grave
Muslim
differences concerning booty
Equal division of
the booth
Quran;
8: 41
Execution of two
captives
News of the
victory in Madinah
The captives of
Badr
Abu Bakar and
Umar’s views regarding the captives
Quran;
21: 67 ; 14: 36
Quran;
5: 118
Quran;
71: 26 ; 10: 88
Quran;
8: 67
Orientalists’
controversy
Revolution
against idolatry
The slaughter of
St. Bartholomew’s Day
Warning to Makkah
Ransom and
conversion of Abu al Asi ibn al Rabi
Quraysh mourns
her dead
14. Between Badr
and Uhud
The effect of
Badr in Madinah (Jan. 624 c.e.)
Muslims kill Abu
Afk & Asma’
Murder of Ka’ab
ibn al Ashraf
Jewish fears and
aggression
Blockade of Banu
Qaynuqa’
Political unity
in Madinah
The campaign of
al Sawiq
Threat to the
shore route of al Sham
The tribes’ fear
of the Muslims
The Jews’ fear of
Muhammad
The Iraq route to
al Sham’
Muhammad’s
marriage to Hafsah
15. The Campaign
of Uhud
Quraysh’s
preparation for revenge
The Makkan’s
march against Madinah
Al Abbas’s
message to the the Prophet
Varying opinions
of Madinah’s defence
Call to bravery
and martyrdom
Quran;
56: 25-26
Discipline and
mutual consultation
The Muslim’s
march
Ordering the
ranks of battle
Quraysh women
Abu Dujanah and
his death-scarf
The martyrdom of
Hamzah
Muslim victory on
the morning of Uhud
The Muslim’s
preoccupation with booty
The Prophet’s
inquiry
Desperate defence
of the Prophet’s person
The Prophet’s
escape
Mutilation of the
Muslim dead
Muhammad’s
mourning of Hamzah
Quran;
16: 126-127
Need for
recapturing the lost prestige
Resumption of
fighting on the morrow
16. The Effects
of Uhud
Muhammad’s policy
after Uhud
The campaign of
Abu Salamah ibn Abd al Asad
The campaign of
Abdullah ibn Unays
The Battle of al
Raji’ (625 c.e)
The Battle of
Bi’r Ma’unah
The Jews and
Munafiqun of Madinah
Jewish plots
against Muhammad
Warning to Banu
al Nadir
Instigation to
defy the Prophet
Blockade of Banu
al Nadir
Quran;
59: 5
Quran;
59: 11-13
Quran;
59: 22-24
The Prophet’s
secretary
The would-be
encounter at Badr
Quran;
3: 168-175
Campaign of Dhat
al Riqa’
Campaign of
Dawmat al Jandal
17. The Prophet’s
Wives
The Zaynab affair
and the Orientalists
Quran;
33-37
The Orientalist’s
portrait of Zaynab
Great Men and The
Law
Incoherence of
the Orientalists’ Account
As husband of
Khadijah
Muhammad’s
marriage to Sawdah
Historical
analysis and its results
Quran;
4: 3
Quran;
4: 129
The story of
Zaynab, daughter of Jahsh
Quran;
49: 13
Quran;
33: 36
Adoption in Islam
Quran;
33: 4
Quran;
33: 37
Return to the
Orientalists’ Views
18. The Campaigns
of al Khandaq and Banu Qurayzah
Muhammad’s
caution and Arab instinct
Jewish enmity
Jewish preference
of paganism in Islam
Quran;
4: 51-52
The Jews in Arabia by Dr. Israel
Wolfenson
The Jews rallying
of the Arab tribes
The Muslim’s
panic
Quraysh in front
of the dry moat
Jewish fear of
Makkan withdrawal
The Prophet’s
warning to Banu Qurayzah
Morale of the
Makkans and their allies
Quran;
33: 10-13
Engagement of the
forces
Dividing the
enemies against themselves
The anger of
Nature
The campaign
against Banu Qurayzah
Arbitration of
Sa’id ibn Mu’adh
Huyayy’s
responsibility for the tragedy
The Spoils of War
19. From The Two
Campaigns to The Treaty of Hudaybiah
Organization of
the Arab community
Quran;
5: 3
Relations between
men and women
Arab eroticism
Woman in other
civilizations
John;
8: 7
Muhammad and
social reconstruction
Islam forbids
fornication
Quran;
33: 58-62
Quran;
24: 30-31
The Prophet’s
home and his wives
Quran;
33: 53
Quran;
33: 32-33
Social
foundations of Muslim brotherhood
The campaign of
Banu Lihyan
The campaign of
Dhu Qarad
The campaign of
Banu al Mustaliq
The plot of
Abdullah ibn Ubayy
Ibn Ubayy’s
resentment of the Prophet
Quran;
63: 7-8
Aishah at the
campaign of Banu al Mustaliq
Aishah’s Illness
The gossip and
Aishah
The revolt of
Aishah
Revelation of
Aishah’s innocence
Quran;
24: 11 ; 16-17
Quran;
24: 4
20. The Treaty of
Hudaybiyah
Proscription of
the sanctuary to Muslim entry
Quran;
2: 217
Quran;
8: 34-36
Muslim yearning
for Makkah
The Arabs and the
Ka’bah
The Muslims and
the Ka’bah
Muhammad’s
proclamation concerning pilgrimage
Quraysh and Muslim
pilgrimage
Encounter
Muhammad’s
caution to safeguard the peace
Quraysh’s
delegates to the Muslims
The delegation of
Urwah ibn Mas’ud al-Thaqafi
Muhammad’s
delegation to Quraysh
The Covenant of
al Ridwan
Quran;
48: 18
The Quraysh’s
response
Negotiations
Conclusion of the
treaty (March 628 c.e)
Promulgation of
the treaty
The Treaty of
Hudaybiyah: A Genuine Victory
Quran;
48: 1-30
The story of Abu
Basir
Muslim women
emigrants
21. The Campaign
of Khaybar and Missions to Kings
Crystallization
of the Islamic call
The proscription
of alcohol
Quran;
2: 219
Quran;
4: 43
Quran;
5: 90-91 ; 93
The Persian and
Byzantine Empires
The Prophet’s
delegates
Persia and
Byzantium
Elimination of
Jewish influence in Arabia
Quran;
48: 15
The march against
Khaybar
Jewish reaction
The two armies
The Muslim’s
blockade
Jewish despair
and collapse
Muhammad’s
marriage to Safiyyah
Delegation to
Heraclius
Delegation to
Chosroes
Delegation to
Archbishop of Egypt
Delegation to
Abyssinia
Explanation to
the Kings’ replies
Muslim return
from Abyssinia
22. The Umrah or
Lesser Pilgrimage
The Muslims’
March to Makkah
The Quraysh
evacuate the city
Circumambulation
of the Sacred House
The Muslims’
sojourn in Makkah
Muhammad’s
marriage to Maymunah
Conversion of
Khalid ibn al Walid and others
23. The Campaign
of Mu’tah
Skirmishes before
the campaign
Causes of the
campaign
Byzantine
mobilization
Fall of the
martyrs
Ibn al Walid’s
strategy
The campaign of
Dhat al Salasil
24. The Conquest
of Makkah
Effects of the
previous campaign
Spread of Islam
in the north
Quraysh’s
violation of her treaty
Quraysh’s fears
The failure of
Abu Sufyan’s effort
Muslim
preparations for war
Quran;
60: 1
The Muslims’
March on Makkah
Abu Sufyan’s
audience with the Prophet
The historians’
estimate of these reports
The march on
Makkah continued
Deployment of the
Muslim forces
The Muslims enter
Makkah
Quran;
96: 1-5
Quran;
49: 13
The Prophet’s
General Amnesty
Cleansing of the
Ka’bah and its images
Quran;
17: 81
Al Ansar fears
and the Prophet’s reassurance
Pardon extended
to the convicts
Reconsecration of
Makkah: The City As Inviolate
Ibn al Walid and
the tribe of Jadhimah
25. Campaign of
Hunayn and al Taif
Malik ibn Awf march
against the Muslims
The Muslims march
to Hunayn
Muslim defeat
Muhammad’s
resoluteness and bravery
Al Abbas’ call
for regrouping
Muslim
counterattack and victory
The Muslims’
pursuit of their enemies
Quran;
9: 25-28
The price of
victory
The siege of al
Taif
Bombardment of al
Taif by catapult
Destruction of al
Taif’s orchards
Hawazin captives
liberated and returned to their tribe
The people’s fear
of losing their booty
Al Ansar and the
reconciliatory gratuities
26. Ibrahim and
The Wives of The Prophet
Effect of the
conquest of Makkah
Conversion of
Ka’b ibn Zuhayr
Conversion of
Zayd al Khayl and others
Muhammad’s
bereavement
The birth of
Ibrahim, Muhammad’s son
Jealousy of the
Prophet’s wives
Quran;
30: 28-29
The Wives Plotting
Their rebellion
The Prophet’s
separation from his wives
Quran;
30: 1-5
The judgement of
critical historiography
Refutation of the
Orientalists’ claim
27. Campaign of
Tabuk and The Death of Ibrahim
Institution of
Zakat and Kharaj
Sidanah,
Rifadah and Siqayah
The threat of
Byzantine invasion and Muslim reaction
The Muslim’s
response to Muhammad’s call to arms
Al Munafiqun
Quran;
9: 81-82
Quran;
9: 49
Recruitment of
Jaysh al Usrah
The Muslims’
March
Encampment at al
Hijr
Byzantine withdrawal;
Covenants of peace with the north
Ibn al Walid’s
campaign against Dumah
The Muslims’
return
The Recalcitrants
Quran;
9: 117-118
Severe threat of
the Munafiqun
The Prophet’s
last campaign
Illness and death
of Ibrahim
28. The Year of
Deputations and Abu Bakar’s Leadership of The Pilgrimage
The effects of
the Campaign of Tabuk
Conversion of
Urwah ibn Mas’ud and his murder
Thaqif’s
delegation to the Prophet
Destruction of
the idol of Lat
Abu Bakar leads
the pilgrimage
Quran;
9: 1-36
The Moral
Foundations of the Islamic State
The Principle of
Freedom in Western Civilization
The West’s War
Against Communism
The West’s War
Against Nudism
Legislation may
restrict freedom
Social aspect of
Associationism
Legitimacy of the
war against Associationism
Amir ibn al
Tufayl
The other
deputations
29. The Farewell
Pilgrimage
Islam’s
distinction between paganism and the Religions of the Book
Quran;
9: 29 ; 34: 35
Quran;
5: 82
Quran;
3: 59-64
Quran;
5: 73-75
Quran;
5: 11
Quran;
5: 82
More deputations
to the Prophet
Arab unity under
the banner of Islam
Conversion of
Arab Christians to Islam
The Prophet
prepares for Pilgrimage
The Muslims march
for Pilgrimage
Desacralization
after the Umrah or Lesser Pilgrimage
Ali’s return from
Yaman
Performance of
the Pilgrimage Ritual
The Prophet’s
Last Sermon
Quran;
5: 4
30. The Prophet’s
Sickness and Death
Effects of the
Farewell Pilgrimage
The Prophetic
Pretenders
The Prophet’s
concern for the Northern Front
The Prophet’s
counsel to Usamah
The Prophet’s
Illness
The Prophet’s
visit to the cemetery
Muhammad’s
congenial mood
Attacks of fever
Sortie to the
mosque
The Prophet’s
whisper to Fatimah
The Prophet’s
wish to write a testament
Muslim joy at the
Prophet’s apparent recovery
The interlude of
wakefulness before death
“Rather, God on
High and Paradise’
31. The Prophet’s
Burial
Muslim shock at
the news of death
Umar belies the
news
Enter Abu Bakar
Muhammad is truly
dead
Quran;
3: 144
Further thoughts
on Muhammad’s death
At Banu Sa’idah’s
court
Quran;
9: 100
Nomination of Abu
Bakar to the Caliphate
Abu Bakar’s
election
Inaugural speech
of the First “Rashidun” Caliph
The quest for a
burial site
Preparing the
body for burial
The funeral
prayer
A grave moment of
history
Confusion of the
Men of Little Faith
The Prophet’s
burial
Aishah and the
Grave Room
Expediting
Usamah’s army on its march
Prophets leave no
inheritance
Muhammad’s great
spiritual legacy
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